A Dolls House, by Henrik Ibsen Essay Example For Students

A Dolls House, by Henrik Ibsen Essay In the play, A Dolls House, by Henrik Ibsen there appears to incorporate genuine social analysis fundamental in this piece. This play is clearly incredulous of the timeframe, yet additionally presents next to zero arrangements. The play is investigating the general public of the ideal opportunity for its organized order of male predominance. The play has set its fault by capably making characters that deliver issues of intensity and control, numbness and blamelessness, resurrection, and societal position. Over the span of the play, each character and their associations with each other assistance to fortify the creations analysis of an inconsistent society. A Dolls House made the character of Nora so as to depict how ladies of his timespan are oblivious of their circumstance in the public eye. The play likewise endeavored to show how ladies are educated to play oblivious. She doesn't understand until the finish of the play that men have consistently controlled her. Her numbness is evident through everything in her life. She doesn't take the way that she has youngsters genuinely. She has a medical caretaker deal with her kids and she visits them when she feels like it. Nora plays with her kids like they are some eccentric articles that charm her for one second and bore her the following. She has no understanding of how to bring up youngsters or how to be a mother by any stretch of the imagination. Toward the finish of the play Nora admits to Helmer, how am I prepared to raise the kids (Ibsen 608). Nora isn't permitted to control anything in her life. In what capacity can she deal with youngsters on the off chance that she can't deal with herself Her controlling spouse has maintained her oblivious in control to have control over her. Moreover, another event in the play that displays Noras learned obliviousness is the approaching issue of the unlawful advance that she took out in her dads name. Her numbness becomes exposed when she uncovers her mystery to Mrs. Linde. Nora accepts that she has a genuine achievement that she can be glad for. In her vain endeavor to attempt to persuade Mrs. Linde that she doesn't have the mindset of a youngster, Noras numbness turns out to be terribly evident. Combined with this occurrence is the scene later in the play when Krogstad goes up against Nora with the way that she submitted evident fraud so as to make sure about the credit. Krogstad uncovers to her that he realizes what she has done and that there are genuine lawful disciplines that could pulverize her life. She can't appreciate the way that she violated the law. Krogstad understands this and tells Nora, Mrs. Helmer, clearly you havent the vaguest thought of what youve included yourself in (Ibsen 594). In her obliviousness she attempts to make a feeling of honesty for herself. She attempts to prevail upon Krogstad that her activities were all reasonable. Nora genuinely accepts that she made the best decision and the possibility that she violated any law never enters her thoughts. She spared her spouses existence with that cash and that is the finish of that issue. Her protected world worked over long periods of visually impaired obliviousness comes smashing down when she at last understands that she should wake up and face reality. A Dolls House utilizes its apparatuses to show his undeniable hatred of a general public that is inconsistent and partitioned. Nora is uninformed in light of the fact that men have consistently made her that way. It is their methods for concealment. By being uninformed of their circumstance, ladies of Ibsens time are oblivious to the issue. The play utilizes the case of taking a credit to show the significant imperfections in the general public and culture of this timespan. A Dolls House has an issue with the way that a lady can't be paid attention to or even have an independent mind. .u42c2dce77a099f95b58e1e34dbc29c6b , .u42c2dce77a099f95b58e1e34dbc29c6b .postImageUrl , .u42c2dce77a099f95b58e1e34dbc29c6b .focused content region { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u42c2dce77a099f95b58e1e34dbc29c6b , .u42c2dce77a099f95b58e1e34dbc29c6b:hover , .u42c2dce77a099f95b58e1e34dbc29c6b:visited , .u42c2dce77a099f95b58e1e34dbc29c6b:active { border:0!important; } .u42c2dce77a099f95b58e1e34dbc29c6b .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u42c2dce77a099f95b58e1e34dbc29c6b { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u42c2dce77a099f95b58e1e34dbc29c6b:active , .u42c2dce77a099f95b58e1e34dbc29c6b:hover { darkness: 1; progress: mistiness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u42c2dce77a099f95b58e1e34dbc29c6b .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u42c2dce77a099f95b58e1e34dbc29c6b .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-adornment: underline; } .u42c2dce77a099f95b58e1e34dbc29c6b .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u42c2dce77a099f95b58e1e34dbc29c6b .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe sweep: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-embellishment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u42c2dce77a099f95b58e1e34dbc29c6b:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u42c2dce77a099f95b58e1e34dbc2 9c6b .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u42c2dce77a099f95b58e1e34dbc29c6b-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u42c2dce77a099f95b58e1e34dbc29c6b:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Creative Writing EssayThis piece needs individuals to understand the issues with a general public organized this way and it utilizes straightforward, ordinary guides to express what is on his mind. These acknowledge of her own numbness being utilized against her permits Noras character to investigate hidden issues of intensity. Noras spouse has consistently controlled her life. Prior to him, it was her dad. Nora has consistently been a keeps an eye on doll. Towards the finish of the play, Nora asks Helmer for what reason they have never plunked down and discussed anything genuinely and he reacts, But dearest, what great would that ever do you (Ibsen 608) He wonders at her magnificence and invests wholeheartedly in the way that she is his ownership. Her worth is in her assent and her excellence not her psyche. Noras numbness persuades that she is in charge of something. Truly she is a manikin. Besides, this significant subject of intensity and control are additionally obvious in the connection among Krogstad and Nora. He is coercing her so as to attempt to spare his activity. Krogstad knows Noras mystery and is utilizing it to control her. Much the same as the standards of society during Ibsens time, ladies have essentially no force. Men who were in unrivaled positions continually controlled the ladies of that timeframe. They have no option since society directs that it must be like this. Similarly, Helmer has impact over Krogstad. One might say, Krogstads life is in Helmers hands. He can fire Krogstad at his impulse and send him tumbling down the social stepping stool once more. Just in a couple of circumstances is this implicit law valid. For instance in the connection among Krogstad and Mrs. Linde, she has control over him since he is infatuated with her. She can control his activities and potentially spare Nora by utilizing his adoration for her against him. This topic of intensity and control is a significant issue all through the play. The finish of the play closes with Nora choosing to begin another life alone. She has dealt with her numbness and understood that so far, she has been the object of a keeps an eye on control. Her resurrection, regardless of whether a decent choice or not, happens after she chooses to leave Helmer and carry on with her very own existence. So far in the play, Nora isn't an individual since she has consistently been an item. Society and her own numbness have consistently controlled her. After she leaves her significant other, youngsters and all that she has ever known, Nora turns into her own individual. Without precedent for her life she is all alone and can think for her. Nora tells Helmer toward the finish of the play that, I need to attempt to teach myself. You cannot assist me with that. Ive got the opportunity to do only it. What's more, that is the reason Im leaving you now (Ibsen 608). Another man will never again control her. Her resurrection has prompted her own autonomy. She is liberated from Krogstad and her better half. A Dolls House is attempting to get it’s point over that for most ladies living during this timespan, fleeing was practically outlandish and unimaginable. This creation needs it to be evident this is a difficult that must be managed on the grounds that it influences everybody. The play’s style is to distinguish a significant issue inside society and uncover it yet not to profess to have any of the appropriate responses. A Dolls House reprimands the social structure of this timeframe through the story. This piece attempts to show how uninformed men are to the way that they control their spouses considerations and activities. They don't pay attention to ladies. Nora underlines this point by saying, you never got me. Ive been wronged significantly. .uf0f358bda53faf0041e872c6533e9540 , .uf0f358bda53faf0041e872c6533e9540 .postImageUrl , .uf0f358bda53faf0041e872c6533e9540 .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .uf0f358bda53faf0041e872c6533e9540 , .uf0f358bda53faf0041e872c6533e9540:hover , .uf0f358bda53faf0041e872c6533e9540:visited , .uf0f358bda53faf0041e872c6533e9540:active { border:0!important; } .uf0f358bda53faf0041e872c6533e9540 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .uf0f358bda53faf0041e872c6533e9540 { show: square; progress: ba

Essay About Romeo And Juliet Tragedy Example For Students

Article About Romeo And Juliet Tragedy In this horrible however sentimental Love story. Shakespeare successfully stirs and supports the crowds enthusiasm with a wide assortment of methods, for example, utilization of language, showmanship and a lot more gadgets. In the key scenes Act 1 Scene 5 and Act 3 Scene 5. Despite the fact that toward the start of Act 1 Scene 5 we are told in the preface of the plot of Romeo and Juliet. For instance, a couple of star-crossed sweethearts ends their life. So we know that Romeo and Juliet are excessively meet and that it is intended to be additionally that they are to end their lives. Anyway the crowd are as yet inspired by how this occurs! Likewise with the methods that Shakespeare utilizes these assistance to support our advantage. Toward the beginning of Act 1 Scene 5 there is an occupied and stressing environment yet additionally an energizing fragrance about this scene, this inclination goes to the crowd. We get the inclination that the gathering will be huge and luxurious. There is additionally an inclination of trepidation encase the gathering isn't prepared in time! This environment excites the crowds intrigue. To drag out this tension Shakespeare enters humor into this scene. Toward the start of the gathering Lord Capulet catches the crowds eye with a joke. This helps the environment. The crowd are currently being engaged by Lord Capulet Welcome, Gentlemen! Women that have their toes! The crowds consideration is currently additionally improved by Lord Capulet because of his chipper tone and kidding. Shakespeare utilizes different approaches to support our advantage, for example, the characters for instance Romeo. Romeo has an extremely intriguing character. This keeps the crowd engaged all through the play. As he now and again carries on in a flighty, shallow and little disapproved of estate. These components of Romeos character engage, however then he can abruptly change into a sentimental and adorable character which interests us. A case of this is when in Act 1 Scene 5, his advantage rapidly change from Rosaline to Juliet. Shakespeare by and by makes much more intrigue when Romeos eyes fall on Juliet. The setting for this scene is brimming with sentiment. The showmanship Romeo looking over the corridor gazing at Juliet. The crowd are romanticized by Romeos words about Juliet a light that consumes splendid significance she lights the room. He likewise utilizes a metaphor as rich a gem in an Ethiops ear recommending that she sticks out and has an effect. The crowd get the feeling that Juliet is exceptionally wonderful and exquisite. Romeo would state these words with affection, desire and enthusiasm. Since he is so enthusiastic about Juliet. He is incapacitated by her magnificence! Shakespeare has now picked up our enthusiasm as we wonder what will occur at the remainder of the gathering. Besides the setting has a significant influence in keeping the crowd intrigued. The setting in Act 1 Scene 5 is in Lord Capulets terrific house where the gathering is held. Shakespeare puts underline is as it is the place Romeo and Juliet are excessively initially meet. Capulets house accentuates this flawlessly. So the crowds intrigue isn't lost, Shakespeare additionally utilizes showmanship to its full degree. For instance when Romeo and Juliet initially meet in Act 1 Scene 5, the putting of Romeo and Juliet is perfect since it keeps the crowd as eager and anxious as can be. Likewise their non-verbal communication and outward appearances are coordinating and sentimental. The language of Tybalt supports are intrigue Because Romeo is discovered of being a Mountague by, searing Tybalt. Tybalt responds in a forceful house what stuns the crowd bit likewise stimulates their advantage significantly more. He needs to battle Romeo to his Death. Capulet doesn't concur and Tybalt angrily calls it quits. .u62cd66d9c88bcd51c6c33af1cc97098e , .u62cd66d9c88bcd51c6c33af1cc97098e .postImageUrl , .u62cd66d9c88bcd51c6c33af1cc97098e .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u62cd66d9c88bcd51c6c33af1cc97098e , .u62cd66d9c88bcd51c6c33af1cc97098e:hover , .u62cd66d9c88bcd51c6c33af1cc97098e:visited , .u62cd66d9c88bcd51c6c33af1cc97098e:active { border:0!important; } .u62cd66d9c88bcd51c6c33af1cc97098e .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u62cd66d9c88bcd51c6c33af1cc97098e { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u62cd66d9c88bcd51c6c33af1cc97098e:active , .u62cd66d9c88bcd51c6c33af1cc97098e:hover { mistiness: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-progress: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u62cd66d9c88bcd51c6c33af1cc97098e .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relativ e; } .u62cd66d9c88bcd51c6c33af1cc97098e .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enhancement: underline; } .u62cd66d9c88bcd51c6c33af1cc97098e .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u62cd66d9c88bcd51c6c33af1cc97098e .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content improvement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u62cd66d9c88bcd51c6c33af1cc97098e:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u62cd66d9c88b cd51c6c33af1cc97098e .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u62cd66d9c88bcd51c6c33af1cc97098e-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u62cd66d9c88bcd51c6c33af1cc97098e:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: The sensational vitality EssayWhen Romeo and Juliet at long last meet, there is an environment of strain and tension. Straight away flatters her, My lips, two reddening explorers, prepared stand! To smooth that harsh touch with a delicate kiss. Romeo kisses Juliet; they are hindered by Juliets mother. Romeo is captivated to discover who Juliets mother is. Obviously we know who Juliets mother is so hence we are aware of the antiquated quarrel! Subsequently we are currently captivated to discover how Romeo will respond! With everything taken into account as the crowd we would feel a blend of emotions toward the finish of Act 1 Scene 5. For example, Happiness, liveliness and a sentiment of sentiment. Shakespeare effectively stimulates and supports enthusiasm for Act 1 Scene 5 because of a portion of the key focuses in this scene. Shakespeare has accomplished this because of his accomplishment in keeping us intrigued. Similarly critically in Act 3 Scene 5, Shakespeare eagerly excites and supports enthusiasm for some ways which are to be communicated further on. Along these lines Romeo and Juliets first night together is sentimental and energetic, so Shakespeare has effectively gotten the crowds consideration. To support this enthusiasm there is an abrupt difference in climate. At first the environment help to unite this piece of the scene as Romeo and Juliet have quite recently gone through their first night together, where the air is loaded with energy and desire. Likewise made is an aching for each other. This interests the crowd concerning what will occur. We are not frustrated. The Nurses stun appearance astonishes however keeps the crowd intrigued. Your woman mother is going to your chamber, the crowd are restless for Juliet encase her and Romeo are gotten by her mom. There is a positive feeling when Romeo figures out how to leave un-saw, after he and Juliet talk hurried about Romeo leaving and Juliets stress that he may stay away for the indefinite future. Be that as it may, the crowds help is brief as it changes to compassion toward Juliet wed, my kid ahead of schedule next Thursday morn, this shows pressure all through the crowd. As we realize that Juliet is as of now wedded to the reprobate Romeo making emotional incongruity. The passageway of Lord Capulet keeps on continuing our advantage due to Juliets declining to wed Count Paris. At the point when Lord Capulet discovers we see a startling change in Lord Capulets character. Shakespeare keenly interests the crowd with Lord Capulets change of character he transforms into somebody who terrifies the crowd yet makes compassion toward Juliet because of his fierce conduct. As of now the crowd would feel unnerved for Juliets prosperity. Shakespeare adequately gains compassion toward Juliet. Master Capulets manner of speaking and his words, I will drag thee on an obstacle yonder. Shakespeare supports this by Lord Capulets activities his viciousness and furthermore Juliets arguing. Great Father I entreat you on my knees. Shakespeare has now accomplished creation the crowd feel various feelings. Likewise with the utilization of showmanship this puts sway on how scared Juliet is, as Lord Capulet remains over Juliet with her bowing nearly cringing endlessly from he r dad. Shakespeare aggravates the climate even with Juliets arguing to her Mother. Talk not to me, for Ill not talk a word. This shows considerably more compassion for Juliets benefit the forswearing by her mom. Fortunately the attendant intercedes and trys to quiet the circumstance. God in paradise, favor her the crowd presently have a good feeling, as Lord Capulet appears to quiet down. Shakespeare closes this scene with a speech toward the finish of the scene said by Juliet. The crowds intrigue is upgraded by this since we are left thinking about what may happen despite the fact that we do realize that Juliet passes on we are still fascinated to discover the conditions before this, Ill to the minister to know his cure. On the off chance that all else fall flat, myself have capacity to bite the dust. The crowd would now feel stressed and apprehensive for Juliet. Because of the way that if the minister can't enable her she to should end it all, this additionally makes the crowd likewise re

Financing your education at SIPA Part 6 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Financing your education at SIPA Part 6 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog In our previous blog entry about student loan repayment, we discussed the initial decision to borrow, the types of loans available to SIPA students, and the resources to keep track of when your loan payments come due and to whom you will make payments.   Now let’s look at how to determine monthly payments and some of the flexible repayment options that can make managing student loan debt easier. There are a number of repayment options once you get to that stage (for many loans, you don’t enter into full repayment until after you have graduated or ceased your enrollment).   Different repayment options include Standard Repayment, Extended Repayment, Graduated Repayment, Income Based Repayment and Income Contingent Repayment; the different options can provide you with flexibility, lower your monthly payments, or calculate monthly payments as a portion of your income.   But study these plans carefully…lower monthly payments can also mean a higher cost over the life of the loan, and not every borrower qualifies for every plan.   Other students choose to consolidate multiple loans into one payment and prefer that convenience.   Click here and check out the links under the “Borrower Info” menu for more information on the Federal Direct Consolidation Loan program. Remember that these repayment plans and the consolidation option only apply to federal student loans.   If you borrow any private loans, they cannot be consolidated, and repayment options tend to be more limited, typically with less consumer protection (which is why the SIPA Financial Aid Office generally recommends that students investigate federal student loans first). Any time you borrow, you’ll want to know what your monthly payments will be.   There are a number of online loan repayment calculators, and we recommend that you visit one to learn more about how much your monthly payment would be based on how much you borrow.   One calculator is available at https://studentloans.gov (click on the Repayment Plans and Calculators link); it offers a comparison in monthly and aggregate payment amounts, including how much interest a borrower will pay, under different repayment plans offered by the US Department of Education.   Another good set of loan repayment calculators can be found at www.finaid.org  (click on Calculators and then scroll down to Loans).   There you will see a number of links for specific repayment plans available to many borrowers. In a future post, we plan to discuss options for temporarily stopping payments after you have begun making them, and a new exciting initiative that could save many SIPA graduates a lot of money based on their career choices â€" the Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program.

Multicultural Social Studies - 1943 Words

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Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee - 1407 Words

‘To Kill a Mockingbird’ takes place in Maycomb, a tired town in Alabama where ‘There was no hurry, for there was nowhere to go, nothing to buy and no money to buy it with’. Based on Harper lee’s hometown, Maycomb is fictitious, a microcosm of society in America’s deep south. Through Maycomb Lee presents the issues she sees in society such as the flawed education system, prejudice towards outsiders, racism, and ultimately the dire need for courage, in order to change these problems. The reader is introduced to Maycomb’s flaws through the narrator Scout, who faces her first real adversity from her school teacher. Scout presents her aptitude for reading and writing to Miss Caroline Fisher who issues a rebuttal, now you tell your father not to teach you anymore , thus revealing her rigorous submission to a narrow way of teaching. The system also neglects those who could benefit most from education. Walter Cunningham explains ‘reason I can’t pass the first grade, Mr Finch, is I’ve had to stay out ever’ spring an’ help papa with the choppin’, but there’s another’n at the house now that’s field size’. The declarative sentence shows how this seems entirely normal to Walter, because the system’s flaws seem inevitable. The connective ‘but’ implies hope that his education may progress due to a younger sibling taking over his jobs. However it also shows his place in a cycle which prevents children like Walter from receiving an education, as it is veryShow MoreRelatedKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1049 Words   |  5 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird: How a Story could be based on True Events in Everyday LifeDaisy GaskinsCoastal Pines Technical Collegeâ€Æ'Harper Lee was born in Monroeville, Alabama. Her father was a former newspaper editor and proprietor, who had served as a state senator and practiced as a lawyer in Monroeville. Also Finch was known as the maiden name of Lee’s mother. With that being said Harper Lee became a writer like her father, but she became a American writer, famous for her race relations novel â€Å"ToRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee1000 Words   |  4 Pagesworld-wide recognition to the many faces of prejudice is an accomplishment of its own. Author Harper Lee has had the honor to accomplish just that through her novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, a moving and inspirational story about a young girl learning the d ifference between the good and the bad of the world. In the small town of Monroeville, Alabama, Nelle Harper Lee was born on April 28, 1926. Growing up, Harper Lee had three siblings: two sisters and an older brother. She and her siblings grew up modestlyRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1290 Words   |  6 PagesHarper Lee published To Kill a Mockingbird during a rough period in American history, also known as the Civil Rights Movement. This plot dives into the social issues faced by African-Americans in the south, like Tom Robinson. Lee felt that the unfair treatment towards blacks were persistent, not coming to an end any time in the foreseeable future. This dark movement drove her to publish this novel hopeful that it would encourage the society to realize that the harsh racism must stop. Lee effectivelyRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee873 Words   |  4 PagesIn the book, To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee illustrates that â€Å"it’s a sin to kill a mock ingbird† throughout the novel by writing innocent characters that have been harmed by evil. Tom Robinson’s persecution is a symbol for the death of a mockingbird. The hunters shooting the bird would in this case be the Maycomb County folk. Lee sets the time in the story in the early 1950s, when the Great Depression was going on and there was poverty everywhere. The mindset of people back then was that blackRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee963 Words   |  4 Pagesgrowing up, when older characters give advice to children or siblings.Growing up is used frequently in the novel To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee. Harper Lee uses the theme growing up in To Kill a Mockingbird to change characters opinion, develop characters through their world, and utilizes prejudice to reveal growing up. One major cause growing up is used in To Kill a Mockingbird is to represent a change of opinion. One part growing up was shown in is through the trial in part two of the novelRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1052 Words   |  5 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee takes place in Maycomb County, Alabama in the late 30s early 40s , after the great depression when poverty and unemployment were widespread throughout the United States. Why is the preconception of racism, discrimination, and antagonism so highly related to some of the characters in this book? People often have a preconceived idea or are biased about one’s decision to live, dress, or talk. Throughout To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee examines the preconceptionRead MoreHarper Lee and to Kill a Mockingbird931 Words   |  4 PagesHarper Lee and her Works Harper Lee knew first hand about the life in the south in the 1930s. She was born in Monroeville, Alabama in 1926 (Castleman 2). Harper Lee was described by one of her friends as Queen of the Tomboys (Castleman 3). Scout Finch, the main character of Lees Novel, To Kill a Mockinbird, was also a tomboy. Many aspects of To Kill a Mockingbird are autobiographical (Castleman 3). Harper Lees parents were Amasa Coleman Lee and Frances Finch Lee. She was the youngestRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1695 Words   |  7 PagesIn To Kill a Mockingbird Harper Lee presents as a ‘tired old town’ where the inhabitants have ‘nowhere to go’ it is set in the 1930s when prejudices and racism were at a peak. Lee uses Maycomb town to highlight prejudices, racism, poverty and social inequality. In chapter 2 Lee presents the town of Maycomb to be poverty stricken, emphasised through the characterisation of Walter Cunningham. When it is discovered he has no lunch on the first day of school, Scout tries to explain the situation to MissRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1876 Words   |  8 PagesThough Harper Lee only published two novels, her accomplishments are abundant. Throughout her career Lee claimed: the Presidential Medal of Freedom, Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, Goodreads Choice Awards Best Fiction, and Quill Award for Audio Book. Lee was also inducted into the American Academy of Arts and Letters. This honor society is a huge accomplishment and is considered the highest recognition for artistic talent and accomplishment in the United States. Along with these accomplishments, herRead MoreKill A Mockingbird, By Harper Lee1197 Words   |  5 Pagessuch as crops, houses, and land, and money was awfully limited. These conflicts construct Harper Lee’s novel, To Kill a Mocking Bird. In To Kill a Mocking Bird, Lee establishes the concurrence of good and evil, meaning whether people are naturally good or naturally evil. Lee uses symbolism, characterization, and plot to portray the instinctive of good and evil. To Kill a Mocking Bird, a novel by Harper Lee takes place during the 1930s in the Southern United States. The protagonist, Scout Finch,

Income Tax Exemptions in Pakistan Free Essays

In The name Of Allah The Most Merciful The Most Beneficent Assignment of: Principle Practice Income Tax Topic: Need of Tax Exemption [pic] Question: What is the need of Tax Exemption or Tax Concession in income tax from government point of view? And Does present income tax exemption policy of Pakistan effective in achieving its objectives give comments? TAX EXEMPTION According To â€Å"Community Benefit† theorists Tax-exemption contributes to pluralism â€Å"by providing the public goods and services that either are undersupplied by the private market or by the government or else not provided in the same socially desirable manner† NEED OF TAX EXEMPTION Tax Exemption is provided for various purposes discussed below which are: ? To Promote Economic activity ? To Provide Benefit to society ? To Provide Corporate Welfare ? To Attract Businesses ? To Promote Organizations ? To Encourage Religious Activities ? To Encourage Economic Activities ? To Encourage Retirement-Led Investment ? To Promote Economic activity Tax exemptions are usually meant to either reduce the tax burden on a particular segment of society in the interests of fairness or to promote some type of economic activity through reducing the tax burden on those organizations or individuals who are involved in that activity. ? To Provide Benefit To Society Tax Exemptions are accorded to certain organizations because they provide a benefit to society which the government is unable or unwilling to provide. ? To Provide Corporate Welfare Tax Exemption to specific businesses such as Big Oil is for corporate welfare. We will write a custom essay sample on Income Tax Exemptions in Pakistan or any similar topic only for you Order Now To Attract Businesses Exemption from property tax and other local tax is used as a tool for attracting business to areas suffering from economic down turn or depression. ? To Promote Organizations Tax Exemption is provided to individuals and organizations to promote economically. ? To Encourage Religious Activities Tax exemption is provided to encourage certain social and religious activities. ? To Encourage Economic Activities Tax exemption is provided to encourage certain economic activities. ? To Encourage Retirement-Led Investment Tax Exemption is provided on amount of gratuity or commutation of person to encourage retirement-led investments. COMMENTS Ignoring all other factors and emphasizing particularly on tax exemption we can comment that, ? Tax exemption has promoted agriculture sector. Tax is not applied on income generated up to Rs. 80,000, income exceeding from R. s 80,000 will b taxed. The total number of such farmer assesses is reported to be only about 20,000 in the entire country with an average of no more than 200 such agriculture income tax payers per district. Thus tax exemption provides relief to people engaged in tax exemption. ? Tax exemption has promoted scholarships in the country as the ratio of scholarships have increased from last decades which is providing opportunities to many students to not only study in Pakistan but also abroad. Tax exemption from scholarships is beneficial for both students and country. ? Tax exemption has promoted immense foreign investment in Pakistan as China has started many projects in Pakistan not only because of cheap labor but also because of tax exemption. Similarly many other foreign projects are practicing in Pakistan. Tax exemption has promoted many investment banks as Modarba, macro finance bank, national investment trust etc which provide many easy loans to people and firms which in turn contribute in promoting society. ? Tax exemption policy has promoted many sectors as businesses, educational sector, foreign investment, NGO’S etc Thus, We can conclude that present tax exemption policy i s providing many incentives to people, starting new businesses and is encouraging people to invest more and more in various sectors which in turn are generating income to the economy. It is because of tax exemption that many projects have started in special industrial zones in Pakistan as Export processing zone, North Western Industrial zone, Eastern Western Industrial zone and many more. Tax exemption policy in many areas as income earned from foreign enterprise, capital gain by foreign institutional investor, income from transport businesses has widened the approach of business. So present income tax exemption policy of Pakistan is effective in achieving its objectives. [pic] How to cite Income Tax Exemptions in Pakistan, Papers

Making Moral Decisions in Different Religious Context free essay sample

Does religion make a Difference to Moral decision making? Bibliography Declaration Introduction The title of my project is making moral decisions in different religious context. The initial aim was to gain insight into various world religions and determine if ones faith influences the decisions one makes. In order to achieve this goal the project will focus on seven religions differentiated by origin. Confucianism, Taoism both of Chinese origin, Judaism, Christianity and Islam which are of Semitic origin, Buddhism and Hinduism which are of Indian origin. Analysing the traditions, practices and belief systems will establish that moral guidelines exist within a religion and religious deity. These guidelines however do not force a decision upon an individual; belief systems simply guide a person in the correct direction toward a moral lifestyle. This in turn draws attention to decision making and how a human can act as a moral agent. The aim is to achieve knowledge and insight into questions such as how does one make a distinction between good and bad? What determines if an act is moral or immoral? Who and what is involved in the decision making process? Do certain factors such as background and life experience influence the choices one makes? These are the questions that will be addressed . We will write a custom essay sample on Making Moral Decisions in Different Religious Context or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Researching theologians and their perspective on the matter of moral decision making will clarify and shed light on the importance of the conscience and how an individual should evaluate a situation using a principle called the triple font theory. The concept of immorality shall be touched on in trying to find out if an act; although immoral does it constitute intrinsic evil? The final aim is to investigate morality in each specific religion, to achieve this objective the knowledge and information obtained from the research of previous topics will be put into practice in the different cultures. This project begs to ask the question, does religion make a difference to moral decision making? Chapter One: World view of seven world Religions. Religions of Chinese origins The Chinese traditions and religions share similar features and significant differences. The idea of nature is of huge importance and the concept of harmony with nature and oneself is the defining characteristic of the ancient Chinese belief system. There is an emphasis placed on the welfare and well being of the individual in the present life as opposed to a future one. What separates Confucianism, Taoism and Chinese Buddhism is the meaning which is associated with nature. Confucianism places emphasis on the nature of the human. Taoism focuses on harmony with the universe and Chinese Buddhism sees an amalgamation of the nature of the universe with the nature of the self and also with the Buddha nature. Chinese people however have no difficulty in living by all three traditions and have no loyalties to any specific tradition. For this project the focus will be on Confucianism and Taoism. Confucianism This belief system as stated previously is concerned with the nature of the human. The aim in one’s life is to become â€Å"fully human†. Their view of life is that nature was received by heaven. Achieving a good life is living by the will of heaven; this is only possible by living according to good human nature. Developing consideration for fellow beings and having a sense of humanity is essential. Family plays a huge role in Confucianism as it is where these values are first established. Confucius was a man born in 552BC and died in 479BC. He was born in a period known as the spring and autumn period in the independent state of Lu. He was well educated and had an enormous interest in the history of his people. At twenty two years of age he opened a school where he educated others. He was later promoted to office of minister of justice. Confucius introduced a moral order never seen before and the state prospered from the changes. He tried to tackle the state of Lu to conform to his teachings yet failed; the preservation of a good government was not a priority for Lu.

Analyze Derek Parfits Personal Identity Essay Example

Analyze Derek Parfits Personal Identity Essay Example Analyze Derek Parfits Personal Identity Essay Analyze Derek Parfits Personal Identity Essay This essay will analyze Derek Parfits Personal Identity. In his essay, Derek Parfit explains a scenario where a brain is divided into two pieces. The two pieces of brain are then housed in two different bodies. 1 To Parfit, there are three possibilities for the survival of the identity to which the brain in question originally had. 1. The persons identity does not survive. 2. The persons identity survives as one of the two new people. 3. The persons identity survives through both new persons. Parfit rejects all three of these possibilities for various reasons. I will attempt to explain how Parfit goes about rejecting these three possibilities, and explicate what I believe Parfit overlooked. In his essay Parfit rejects the first possibility by bringing up a person who has lost half his brain. He says that it is possible for people to have half of their brain destroyed and still survive. 2 This being the case there is little difference between having half a brain transplanted and having half a brain destroyed. Either way the person still only has half a brain. Parfit also rejects the second possibility. In the second possibility the person survives as one of the two new people. Parfits rejection is based on both halves of the brain being identical. If both halves of the brain are identical, and both are transplanted successfully, then there is no reason for one to survive and the other not too. The third possibility is more difficult to resolve. Parfit rejects the notion of the survival as two people. If survival consists in the sameness of identity, then it doesnt follow that a person can survive in two people and have the same identity. On the other hand it may be possible for one person to have two bodies with a divided mind. 3 Supposing that the two people were separated for a long enough time, it stands to reason that they may end up different people. 4 This is where a major problem occurs. If possibility three is possible, it is only possible if a person survives as both new people. Parfit has rejected this claim. But he also says that two people could survive and be different. Parfit then tries to resolve this discrepancy. He brings to example two people who make up a third person. The two people can be themselves, but also comprise another person. 5 Even this doesnt seem to resolve the issue. Parfit then raises another possibility; he attempts to separate survival and identity. In other words one could survive as the two different people without being those people. This concept he calls the descendant self6, whereby a person doesnt necessarily have the same identity as either of the resulting persons. Rather, the two resulting people together make up the person. So it seems that Parfit is skirting the original question of identity. His theory of the descendant selves attempts to remove identity out of the problem and replace it with survival. I dont believe that Parfit feels identity is a necessary component in survival. Furthermore, by taking this stance, I dont think that he answers the question of personal identity. Clearly though only parts of ones body needs to survive, and I think that Parfit would agree that that is the brain. This being the case Parfit brings to example a person with epilepsy. Doctors can split the brain and create two separate spheres of consciousness. The separation of the two halves of the brain doesnt seem to matter, as long as they are in the same body. If the two brain halves are in the same body then that constitutes the same person. But what is the difference between being in the same body and not being in the same body? The only difference is that the separated halves are in different bodies. Parfit objection would be that the two people could be separated for a long period of time they would end up being different people. They may not even recognize each other if they met. Still, it doesnt mean that they are not the same person. If me right now and me sixty years from now met, we may not know or recognize one another. Is that to say that we arent the same person? I dont think that Parfit is truly interested in the problem of personal identity per se. Rather, I think that he is more interested in explaining survivability. In that it doesnt matter to Parfit that the original person survives, instead, what is important is that someone survives. Furthermore, that that someone has some relation to the original persons psychology. Moreover, that the psychological relationships are continually overlapping. 7 These overlapping relationships Parfit calls psychological continuity. I dont think that this idea of psychological continuity solves the problem of personal identity though. If we look at Parfits diagram, we would see the original person A8, and several descendant selves. 9 These descendant selves are connected to person A through psychological continuity. In this way, any person on the tree is a descendant self of A. Moreover, though these people may not be person A, and in fact are not person A, still they survive at best as part of person A. This is somewhat difficult to understand. The descendant selves are not the original person. If this is the case, how does Parfit answer the question of personal identity? The answer is that he doesnt. Or rather, that he skirts the issue. Parfit makes survivability the important issue. How is it that someone can survive into the future? Even though there is no one identical to you in the future there is psychological continuity between you and a future self. This being the case, survivability is a function of psychological continuity. This is where I think Parfits mistake is. Continuity, to me, implies an uninterrupted succession or flow. I believe the key word here is uninterrupted. Yet, in Parfits example there is an interruption. Between each of the descending selves exist differences, which create a separation. Another way to think of this is to use Parfits original example of the brain surgery. Suppose we had three people, and two of those people had their brains removed. Further suppose that we took the brain of the third person, split it half, and transplanted the halves into the two people without brains. The third possibility (which Parfit rejects) would say that the original persons identity survives through the two new people. What Parfit wants to say is that the two new people are descendant selves of the original person. Furthermore, that the two new people share psychological continuity with the original person. Though they are not the same people as the original person, the original person survives through them. Herein lies what I believe to be Parfits mistake. The two new people do not share psychological continuity with the original person. Continuity, as stated above, implies an uninterrupted succession or flow. To say that a persons psychology is continuous through the type of operation stated before isnt true. Having ones brain cut in half already implies that one wouldnt be the same person. If this were the case then personal identity wouldnt be the same either. Though some of the original persons memories and traits may survive, the original persons identity wouldnt. Ultimately, if the two new people created only share some memories and some traits of the original person, I dont think that it is enough to say that they share psychological continuity with the original person. This being the case, it also wouldnt follow that the original person survives through the two new people. A few memories and traits dont constitute survivability.

Freewriting in English Composition

Freewriting in English Composition In composition, freewriting is a discovery (or prewriting) strategy intended to encourage the development of ideas without concern for the conventional rules of writing. Also called  stream-of-consciousness writing. Put another way, freewriting is like warming-up on a pitcher’s mound or tossing a few baskets before the real game begins. There’s no pressure because there are no rules, and nobody is keeping score. When freewriting, advises Peter Elbow in Writing Without Teachers, Never stop to look back, to cross something out, to wonder how to spell something, to wonder what word or thought to use, or to think about what you are doing. Freewriting Freewriting is the easiest way to get words on paper and the best all-around practice in writing that I know. To do a freewriting exercise, simply force yourself to write without stopping for ten minutes. Sometimes you will produce good writing, but that’s not the goal. Sometimes you will produce garbage, but that’s not the goal either. You may stay on one topic; you may flip repeatedly from one to another: it doesn’t matter. Sometimes you will produce a good record of your stream of consciousness, but often you can’t keep up. Speed is not the goal, though sometimes the process revs you up. If you can’t think of anything to write, write about how that feels or repeat over and over I have nothing to write or Nonsense or No. If you get stuck in the middle of a sentence or thought, just repeat the last word or phrase till something comes along. The only point is to keep writing. . . .The goal of freewriting is in the process, not the product.(Peter Elb ow, Writing With Power: Techniques for Mastering the Writing Process, 2nd ed. Oxford Univ. Press, 1998) Start Writing You can sit there, tense and worried, freezing the creative energies, or you can start writing something, perhaps something silly. It simply doesnt matter what you write; it only matters that you write. In five or ten minutes, the imagination will heat, the tightness will fade, and a certain spirit and rhythm will take over.(Leonard S. Bernstein,  Getting Published: The Writer in the Combat Zone. William Morrow, 1986) Planners and Plungers Roy Peter Clark of the Poynter Institute, a midcareer school for journalists, and Don Fry, a freelance writing coach, divide writers into planners and plungers. Like Don, Im a planner who likes to know the central point and general organization of what hes about to write before he types the first line. Roys a plunger. So sometimes he just jumps into a topic and starts writing whatever comes to mind. After a while, a focus emerges. Then he backs out, throws away most of what hes written, and starts over. He calls that first round of writing a vomit draft.In more polite circles, thats called freewriting.(Jack R. Hart, A Writers Coach: An Editors Guide to Words That Work. Random House, 2006) Freewriting in a Journal Freewriting can be compared to the warming-up exercises that athletes perform; freewriting limbers up the muscles of your mind gets you in the mood, undams the stream of language.  Here is a bit of practical advice: if you have mental writers cramp, merely sit down with your  journal  and start entering words in it, just as they pop into your mind; dont even think about sentences necessarily, but fill a complete page of your journal with spontaneously discovered words. There is a good chance that this uncontrolled, effortless writing will begin to assume a direction that you can follow.(W. Ross Winterowd,  The Contemporary Writer: A Practical Rhetoric, 2nd ed., Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1981) Freespeaking If you are better at talking out than writing out your ideas, try freespeaking, the talking version of freewriting. Begin by speaking into a tape recorder or into a computer with voice-recognition software, and just keep talking about your topic for at least seven to ten minutes. Say whatever comes to your mind, and dont stop talking. You can then listen to or read the results of your freespeaking and look for an idea to pursue at greater length.(Andrea Lunsford, The St. Martins Handbook, Bedford/St. Martins, 2008)

Huyndai and Kya case study international business Research Paper

Huyndai and Kya case study international business - Research Paper Example The more value the won gains, the more expansion Hyundai should seek in the US. So far, although won is gaining strength in comparison to the US dollar, yet it is still below the value of US dollar (â€Å"Latest Exchange Rates†). So it would not be feasible to completely shift all of its manufacturing plants in the US. However, the point at which, if ever, won gains more value than the US dollar, then Hyundai should completely shift its manufacturing plant to the US. Besides, currency movement is not the only factor that drives Hyundai’s motivation to expand its presence in the US. The company might want to expand its presence because its main customer base happens to be the Americans. As it expands its presence in the US, reduced cost of transportation, more knowledge of the local market in the US, and availability of advanced technology would more than compensate for any costs incurred in the process of expansion in the long

Conference and Events Management Reflective report on log book entries Essay

Conference and Events Management Reflective report on log book entries - Essay Example Customer satisfaction is the key element in terms of event or conference management organizations. Restaurants and hotels can achieve huge success by satisfying the customers need with quality customer services. The organization has successfully implemented the customer relationship management process in the organization. After evaluating and analyzing all the issues and actions, it can state that effective customer satisfaction and high organizational ethics can make an organization successful within a hospitality industry. Introduction A logbook is a kind of book that helps to record the readings of an event. This is a reflective report of the conference and event management logbook entries. The logbook contains the records of several conferences and events in an event management organization. There are several elements those need to implement in order to make the conference or event successful. A logbook is necessary in event management activities. By the help of logbook, an emplo yee or a manger in an event management company can understand the significance of the procedures or strategies in previous events. Moreover, it helps to evaluate and analyze the action plans of several events. This evaluation and analysis help the managers or the employees to undertake better strategies for the future events and conferences. ... Moreover, the manager was informed about this booking in order to do the double check with the guests. After this, the booking of those persons got confirmed. On 3rd September, a guest from the office came to see the arrangement for the official party. He was shown and explained about the sections of the restaurant. After observing every section of the restaurant, the guest has decided that, they will sit in the section number 3 for the 5th September’s party. Finally the day comes. The employee has the shift till 3 pm. Therefore, the manager had asked the employee to make required arrangement and set up tables for 24 people before 3 pm. The employee has arranged another birthday party on 10th September. It was all about arranging a buffet for 35 guests. The employee had monitored and controlled every single aspect acting as the host of the party. The party has got a successful outcome. The guests had given positive feedback in terms of services and arrangements. The guests wer e satisfied by the customer service. The employee had arranged another birthday party on 19th October. It was a party of 28 people. A lady was celebrating her husband’s 30th birthday. Two other employees had co-operated him to arrange and monitor the party. The employee had to take care of the birthday cake. The lady wanted to serve it before the desert round. On the same day, the manager had asked the employee to check each and every aspect of the restaurant. The health officer had wanted to check the facilities of the restaurants on the health related issues. However, the employee had received a feedback on 20th October about the service and arrangement of the previous night’s birthday party. Analysis of the Results After evaluating

Synthesis of Closantel Experiment

Synthesis of Closantel Experiment Abstract:- The paper describes the synthesis of Closeted. It is used as an anthelmintic i.e. an agent that destroys or causes the expulsion of parasitic intestinal worms so it is used as Anti-worm drug. The synthesis of Closantel was carried out using four different hydrotropes. The effect of various hydrotropes on yield, rate constant and activation energy at various temperatures and concentrations are studied. Keywords :- Hydrotropes, Xylene sulfonic acid (XSA), Cumene sulfonic acid (CSA), (n-BBSA): n-Butyl benzene sulfonic acid (n-BBSA), Isobutyl benzene sulfonic acid (I-BBSA), 1H NMR, IR. Introduction:- Almost a Century ago Carl Neuberg1 conceptualized one such area in the form of hydrotropy. After a dormancy period of about eight decades this exciting field sprung back into the chemical limelight and today it is regarded as one of the frontiers in the field of applied organic chemistry. The pioneer Carl Neuberg baptized this phenomenon as Hydrotropy or Hydrotropism.1,2 It is enhancement in the solubility of organic molecules in water, which otherwise are sparingly soluble or totally insoluble.3-6 Hydrotropes or hydrotropic agents are defined as the compounds which possess the property of solubility enhancement of other compounds. Hydrotropes are surface active, highly water soluble organic salts, which when present at high concentration, can solubilise the otherwise insoluble or sparingly soluble organic compounds in water. Hydrotropes can be differentiated from common surfactants in terms of their hydrofobicity i.e. hydrotopes are poorly hydrophobic as compared to surfactants. The performance of hydrotropic solutions is found to be efficient, usually at higher concentration ranging from 0.2M to 1.0M. At concentration above 1.0M ‘salting out effect’ is observed. In the present study, the researchers intend to study the aromatic hydrotropes, especially the aromatic sulphonates which are considered to be superior to the aliphatic counterparts as they are thermally stable and have higher affinity. Hydrotrops are readily biodegradable in water under areobic conditions studies with cummene , tolune and xylene7. This ecofriendly methodology where hydrotropes demonstrate a low level of toxicity on aquat ic life Xylene and cumene sulfonates ( ammonium , calcium and sodium salts) have no acute toxicity towards fish and invertebrates at concentrations tested (> 318 mg/L )7. The scientists around the globe are adopting environment friendly techniques to conserve flora (environment) fauna (animal life), also to manufacture synthesize molecules useful to mankind. Carcinogenicity studies reported for both rats and mice exposed to sodium xylene sulfonate Hydrotropes demonstrated no carcinogenic reponse.7 One of the great advantage of Hydrotropes is the reusability of solvent media without operations such as distillation etc. there by reducing operation cost, Hence it is an alternate media to organic solvents include water, ionic liquids, supercritical solvents ,hydrotropic solutions etc.8 Hydrotropic solution are non toxic shows no hazards of flammability hence consider as safer solvents. The compatibility of aqueous hydrotropic solutions as safer solvents for microwave assisted reactions has been studied.9 So there is now a realization that more benign chemical synthesis is required as an integral part of developing sustainable technologies 10. Efforts have been made to carry out studies on Hydrotropes as effective reaction media for the certain organic reactions. Reaction Scheme:- The reaction of 3, 5-diiodosalicyloyl chloride with 5–Chloro–4–[(4–chlorophenyl) cyanomethyl]–2–methyl aniline was conducted in aqueous hydrotropic solutions to yield the titled product which was tested for purity. Hydrotropes used are: (XSA): Xylene sulfonic acid (CSA): Cumene sulfonic acid (n-BBSA): n-Butyl benzene sulfonic acid (I-BBSA): Isobutyl benzene sulfonic acid Experimental Procedure: In a 500 mls 3-necked flask fitted with a stirrer, thermowell and an addition funnel, were added (0.01 moles) of 5–Chloro–4– [(chlorophenyl)–cyanomethyl]–2–methyl aniline, followed by the addition of (0.01 moles) of 3, 5–diiodosalicyloyl chloride at room temperature dissolved in aqueous solutions of the hydrotrope Xylene sulfonic acid. After the reaction mixture was stirred at 303K and 323K for 8 hours. . The progress of the reaction was monitored by TLC for the completion of reaction. On cooling at room temperature the product precipitated out from the reaction medium and was washed with demineralised water in order to make it free from the traces of the hydrotropic solution adhering to it. The product was then purified and dried in a vacuum drier. The qualitative estimation of the product was done by TLC using the following system. Chloroform: Methanol (9:1).The product was found to be pure without the traces of either of the starting materials. This is because of the selective solubilization of the reactants which helps to maintain them in the hydrotropic medium. The product N [5–Chloro–4–[(4–chlorophenyl) cyan methyl ] –2–methyl phenyl]–2–hydroxyl–3, 5–diiodobenzamide has a melting point/boiling point of 217.8 °C. Similar reactions were carried out using other Hydrotropes such as Cumene Sulfonic Acid, n-Butyl Benzene Sulfonic Acid and Isobutyl Benzene Sulfonic Acid. The concentration range utilized for these hydrotropes was from 0.2 Mol/dm ³ to 1.0 Mol/dm ³. Higher concentration of hydrotropes was avoided due to the salting out of the hydrotropes from the water which is an inherent property of these salts. Experimental : Melting point are uncorrected. 1H NMR spectra were recorded at 300 MHz on a Varian spectrometer and IR spectra on a Shimadzu FT/IR-4200 instrument. Chromatographic System : Column chromatography : For column chromatography 100 – 200 mesh Acme grade silica gel was used. The crude reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to yield crude mass which was preadsorbed on silica gel and purified by column chromatography with increase in concentration of Ethyl acetate in Petroleum ether. The fractions having similar ‘Rf† values were pooled together, concentrated and subjected for characterization using various spectroscopic techniques. Thin layer chromatography : TLC plates were prepared using silica gel G (ACME, Mumbai). Pet. Ether : EtOAc (85 : 15) was used as the solvent system. Radial chromatography : The circular glass plates of thickness 1 mm, were prepared by using silica gel (PF254, E. MERCK, 50 g) in cold distilled water (105 ml). For elution, gradually increasing concentrations of EtOAc in pet ether were employed. Results: The effect of hydrotrope concentration and temperature on the yield of N [5 – Chloro – 4 – [(4 – chlorophenyl) cyanomethyl] – 2 – methyl phenyl] – 2 – hydroxy – 3, 5 – diiodo It involves the amidation of 3, 5–diiodo salicyloyl chloride. The lone pair of electrons on nitrogen of amine attacks the carbonyl radical there by liberating the chloride radical in the form of HCl giving the desired amide. This amidation reaction is effected with two iodide group in meta position to the reacting species. The phenomenon of hydrotropy was applied to this synthesis and its effect on yield and reaction dynamics was studied. The hydrotrope used are Xylene sulfonic acid (XSA), Cumene sulfonic acid (CSA), n-Butyl benzene sulfonic acid (n-BBSA), and Isobutyl benzene sulfonic acid (I-BBSA). The percentage yield obtained for all the four hydrotropes are tabulated in tables VIII (a) to VIII (d) respectively. It was observed that percentage yield increased from 12.4% to 50.5% at 303K and 17.2% to 56.5% at 323K for XSA. Similarly percentage yield increased from 14.4% to 54% at 303K and from 20.6% to 60.2% at 323K for hydrotrope CSA. For hydrotrope n-BBSA the percentage yield increased from 16% to 70.5% at 303K and from 22.4% to 76% at 323K.For the hydrotrope I-BBSA the percentage yield increased from 20% to 73.7% at 303K and from 26.6% to 80% at 323K. These were in accordance with the fact that the hydrophobicity of I-BBSA was more than that of XSA, CSA and n-BBSA and the reactants are soluble to a greater extent in I-BBSA.The kinetics of this reaction was studied and rate constant K1 and K2 for temperatures 303K and 323K were calculated for all four hydrotropic solutions. The value of K1 and K2 obtained are recorded in the tables VIII (e) to VIII (h). For the hydrotrope XSA the value of K1 and K2 increased from 0.0459 to 0.2442 at 303K and from 0.0655 to 0.2898 at 323K. Similarly for CSA the rate constant value increased from 0.0539 to 0.2696 at 303 and from 0.0801 to 0.3199 at 323K. For the hydrotrope n-BBSA the values of K1 and K2 increased from 0.0605 to 0.4239 at 303K and from 0.0880 to 0.4955 at 323K. For the hydrotrope I-BBSA the values of rate constants K1 and K2 are more than that of XSA, CSA and n-BBSA. It increased from 0.0774 to 0.4638 at 303K and from 0.1073 to 0.5588 at 323K. From above data it is observed that rate constant went on increasing as the concentration of hydrotropes increased. The activation energy for various concentrations of hydrotropes was tabulated in VIII (e) to VIII (h). The activation energy dropped from 1.4432 to 0.6966 for hydrotrope XSA and from 1.6119 to 0.6965 for hydrotrope CSA. Similarly the value of activation energies dropped for the n-BBSA from 1.5245 to 0.6357 and for I-BBSA it decreased from 1.3291 to 0.7589 as the concentration of hydrotrope increased. The decrease in activation energy as hydrotrope concentration increased suggest that these hydrotropes also provide some catalytic assistance in shifting the equilibrium towards the product. Conclusion:- It is evident from the above scheme that at lower hydrotrope concentration, the solubility of organic solutes is less thereby yielding less product. At lower concentration of hydrotrope, the quantity of water is substantially large thereby the reaction are not favorable also resulting in less yields. At higher concentration of hydrotrope, the quantity of water is less and the reaction solubility is more and hence the yields are much better. It is also seen in the above experiment that for lower hydrotrope concentrations the time required for the completion of all reaction is more than that of the time required for a higher hydrotrope concentration.

I can only dream for so long, before they become nightmares

It was not like her to hide herself away, today she seemed more tortured, frightened. She was a ghost to herself, unable to surround herself with the illusions that conjured her putrid smile. In the corner she forever laid, like a silhouette of dreams protected, yet captured by the ambience of life itself. The intelligence of her once intrigued mind fell short with the constant shivers of things that once were. Do I seem myself; do I seem happy to others? Does my prolonged absence from the world affect the way people see me? I can't always be so positive, life has taught me that much. But I've tried for so long to see the good; to see the light that's suppose to forever shine upon me, yet it's so far beyond my reach, however much I try, my jealous being stops me entirely, tying me down, chaining me to the withering of existence that is me. I can only dream for so long, before they become nightmares. Nightmares I can't escape! Within her mind was always the agitated concept of doubt, yet however she placed it, she could not seem to dictate what effect it would have on her. Unwilling to except the hand of others, she struggled with the journey of living and the tragedy of knowing. To be someone that people noticed, was a dream she could only imagine through the echoing walls that held her from the person she aimed to be, yet as the darkness of the walls and the lights of the windows framed her vicious circle, she could only question the memories. Her mother was a kind, genuine creature, who always showed her that there was more to life, then just co-existing. But she could never see the beauty which her mother would talk about. Her father had left at an early age, leaving only a hole of bitterness and resentment in her unprotected heart that would always question her ability to live. She never thought of him as someone that loved her, but as someone who could not handle the concept of having a child. To think is to feel, and that's not a journey worth taking. Can searching for an answer too graphic to understand be a conflict, and can you reach for something surreal and pray that it's not an abstract illusion? If finding out the meaning of what once was, forces out the beauty from which it came, can I be judge of what I feel is right? So my father left me when I was young, and my mother blames herself for his disappearance, yet I feel compelled to still find him and ask those questions that haunted me for the last few years. So I play a game in my mind, a game that allows me to dictate the outcome, and that provides me with the acceptance of his cowardly soul. If I look through him, can I see what ambition he had? Can I tell his story through my eyes? Yet I've grown out of caring about his particular emotions, or the way his smile is. Time was never on her side, but it was a factor that she become used to. A timeless presence of doubt was always abundant, it clawed and ripped apart the person she once knew, choking and crushing the things that seemed awake in her. Her father was her source of doubt. Like a demon, holding her to him, getting tighter as she grew older, but She would always think about him and the day he left, but never for too long, there was a voice inside of her that protected her from the bellowing and shame of his once gentle voice that always seemed to settle her as she slept. The controllable aspects of her mind always vanished when she left her corner. She was obligated to stay there never to move, never to feel the way others did. Her mother thought she was doomed to a life on her own, a life that could only bring pain and destruction. Nothing was foreseeable in her darkened future, the lines were scratch out, living a complex life so full of confusion and sorrow. As the night settled in and the luminous light was but a figment of what once was, she dwelled in the opportunity of delusions and fiction. And as she swayed from side to side, holding her legs ever so tightly, the images of her youth seemed to pour out of her like a twisted play acted out by the misapprehension of others. To seem as normal as possible was always her goal, finding the fault in the memory of others and not herself, but that was a game too complicated for her to play out. The night was colder than usual more putrid, more harmful, its shivering wind was almost alive, playing with the restless and fearful. She could not move, she could not breathe, her reactions were slow, almost as if something was holding her down, and taking away the very essence that is her. I can't move, I can't feel, is it my time. The air is so cold, I can't seem to warm myself up. If I move I know I'll become insane, the melody of deformed creatures, is move vivid than usual. I am a ghost to myself, a plague which I've grown accustomed to. Can I play out the things that seem to be awake? an I change the meaning of words that I don't know and rehearse them till they become the knowledge that changes my situation? My mother has tried for so long to recreate the image I have made for myself. The image that I am now has scared her. She never looks at me the same anymore, her looks are more disgusted, more tortured and they seem to be on fire. I can feel her slipping away from me. The night is the only time I don't feel safe, I don't feel like me, it's cruel and mindless, possessing a nature of a different kind. If I run, how far will I reach before it swallows me, taking away all that I am, in the night I am a monster, a nightmare that would bring tears to all that saw me. In her mind she was the very reason of all the suffering and pain to others around her, she could only escape the nightmare if the sun was up, for its rays of purity and truth were the only reason she had not become the thing that seemed to corrupt her. She was the meaning which you could not find, the lonely hero that was only visible through the sun. It seemed that nothing would be able to release her from herself. A soul forever doomed.

Recommendations On Improving My Own Interpersonal and...

Recommendations On Improving My Own Interpersonal and Communicational Skills Interpersonal skills are those skills that are used as a basis in part of everyday life where people interact with each other. To be precise, interpersonal skills are related to communicational skills but are more specific about an individuals behaviour and include co-operating, sharing, listening, participating, leadership and negotiation. Individuals with good interpersonal skills are easy to be around. They bond with other people naturally, seem to know the right things to say in different situations and make communication in general an easy procedure. Communication skills on the other hand, are the skills in†¦show more content†¦I am prompt with regard to meeting interim feedback deadlines with college lecturers which builds a solid trustworthy relationship - lecturers will help me more Weaknesses Ø My influencing skills are quite poor so it makes it difficult for me to persuade people Ø In many cases where I am required to make written communication such as on courseworks, I tend to use long sentences whereas the task could be summed up in a couple of sentences Ø Sometimes whenever I am ordered to complete a task, I do not seek clarification Opportunities Ø I should try and apply more negotiation skills when I do not get what I want as it helps reach a mutual understanding/compromise thus helping me attain what I want Ø I feel that I could also best capitalise from empowering more of my colleagues at work because if I use more staff to carry out tasks, it will enable the task to be carried out quicker and more efficiently - improvesShow MoreRelatedInternship Report on Ztbl20418 Words   |  82 Pagesemployees† receiving academic credit for work experiences. The purpose of the internship program is to develop and strengthen the student’s educational and career preparation. By doing internship in any organization that obviously exposes the interpersonal relationships not only with employees but also with supervisor that are essential in obtaining a successful and satisfying career. This background of the study is mainly focus on the performance, functions and objectives of the Finance and Accounts

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